Cardiovascular ultrasound Seminar Admission Requirements
Admissions requirements for the Cardiovascular Ultrasound seminar are as follows: proof of graduation from a state-accredited institution in a health-related science or proof of work in medical field including physicians, echo sonographers, and physician assistants.
The period of the seminar will provide sufficient training time for cardiac calculations haemodynamics ultrasound physics, and cardiac scanning. Students will earn to perform the echocardiogram at the schoo! under the supervision of an echo-tech.
Seminar Objective and Course Description
The objective of the Global Cardiovascular Ultrasound seminar is to enhance student careers in the field and will train the medical care system staff to increase their knowledge of understanding the hemodynamics, accurate cardiac calculations while performing the echo cardiograms (heart scanning) at the school. They will do the cardiac scanning calculations and measurements of cardiac chambers and blood flow through the cardiac valves.
Subjects covered in the class lectures include the basis principles of physics pertaining to medical diagnostic ultrasound, the normal and abnormal functions of the heart, myocardial wall motion abnormality and cardiac measurements in two dimensional and M-Mode dimension measurement.
Pathology of the Heart & blood Vessels
Abnormal Hemodynamic
Pericardial Diseases
Pericarditis, pericardial effusion, grading of the effusion.
Constrictive pericarditis, calcified, tuberculosis, the pericardial, hemodynamic changes & compensatory mechanisms.
Congenital heart diseases
Embryology, Abnormalities of the Atria and the ventricles
Abnormal blood flow and right & left outflow tract obstruction
Infra-cardiac shunts, ASD,VSD & PDA
Cardiac Valves abnormalities
Surgical procedures
Cardiac Valves diseases
The students learn in detail about the diseases which affect the valves Mitral valve disease, Aortic valve disease, Tricuspid valve disease and Pulmonary valve disease.
Valve repair, valve replacement
Types of artificial valves used for different cardiac valves
Ischemic cardiac diseases
Coronary Artery disease, Atherosclerosis, Spasm of the arteries and due to other collagen diseases.
Myocardial Infarction, Complications of MI ,rupture of papillary muscle, septum, wall, aneurysm resulting in cardiac tamponade etc..
Cardiac wall motion abnormalities, a detail explanation with the drawing of cardiac wall segments.
Types of wall motion abnormalities.
Associated problems, thrombi, obstruction, Arrhythmia & conduction disturbance.
Inflammatory Heart Disease
Diseases affecting the layers of the heart
Endocarditis, Myocarditis & Pericaiditis
Cardiomyopathy
Dilated, Constrictive, Restrictive
Hypertrophic, Obstructive and non-obstructive Cardiomypathy
Cardiac Masses
Benign and Malignant
Hypertension, Systemic and pulmonary hypertension.
A detail explanation of the hemodynamic changes including the tissue perfusion arterioles, venules and the lymphatics, detail explanation of role of the lymphatics components and circulation back to the heart.
Pericardial Diseases
Pericarditis, pericardial effusion, grading of the effusion.
Constrictive pericarditis, calcified, tuberculosis, the pericardial, hemodynamic changes & compensatory mechanisms.
Interventional procedures
CABAG, valvular replacement
Catheterization. pacemaker placement and Cardiac Transplants.
Diseases of the Aorta
Congenital and Acquired
Aneurysm of the Aorta
PDA and Coarctation of the Aorta.
Pediatric Pathology, cardiac malformation and abnormal hemodynamics
Ultrasound Physics & Instrumentation
History of ultrasound application in Medical field
Sound beam formation
Near field, Far field and Focal Zone
Beam focusing
Physical properties of ultrasound
Properties, definition and the explanation of the following terms used
Cycle, Wavelength, Velocity, Frequency and the Harmonics.
Velocity of sound in human tissue
Propagation speed in different media, Air, Tissue & blood.
Acoustal properties of tissue
Detail lectures, the drawings used to help the students to understand the following
Impedance
Reflection
Refraction
Absorption
Impedance & interfaces
Specular Echoes Scattered Echoes
Resolution and Attenuation
Transducers
Design
Types of transducers
Focused single crystal, Annular Array
Phased Array transducers and Mechanical transducers
Piezoelectric effect
Beam focusing
Near field & Far field
Lateral Resolution and Axial Resolution
Axial Resolution
Elements
Beam Steering
Definitions and detail explanation of the following
Frequency, Wave length
A-mode
B-mode
M-mode
Bandwidth